Tractor rear axle for crop clearance



June 24, 1952 w. H. NoRDENsoN 2,601,553

TRACTOR REAR AXLE FOR CROP CLEARANCE Filed March 6, 1948 4`Sheets-S`nee't 1 ATTOPNE YS June 24, v1952 w. H. NoRDl-:NsoN 2,601,553

l TRACTOR RAR XLE FOR CROP CLEARANCE Filed March 6, 1948 4 SheetS-SheeiZ INVENTOR. W. H. NORDENSON June 24, 1952 w. H. NoRDENsoN TRACTOR REAR AXLE FOR CROP CLEARANCE 4 SheetS-S'nee; 3

Filed March 6, 1948 INVENTOR. W/-LNORDENSON June 24, 1952 w. H. NoRDENsoN TRACTOR REAR AXLE FOR CROP CLEARANCE //////lllll Filed March 6, 1948 Patented June 24, 1952 'SUL lvtreo srafress PATENT :orales v corporation tif-Iowa 4vto #Deere Manufacturing-U0., Dubuque, :Iowa, `a

Application March 6, 1948,'Serial No. 13,491

(Cl. 18o- 75) This inventionrel'ates to a tractor and more particularly to a tractor 'of Vthe kagricultural type.

Agricultural tractors [fall "into two general classes: The four-'Wheeled or narrow tread 'tractor; and'thetri'cycle'type or Wide'trea'd tractor. The present invention "is 'concerned particularly with a tricycle 'type tractor 'and the principal object of the inventioneis v'to-'in ipro've the rear end construction of -such tractor, `particularly with respect "to Ithe adjusta'bility of "the treads 'oi the rear "tractionwheel's,

Although all tri'c'ycle tractors are 'generally alike fin that each'i'ncl'udes alonfgi'tudinal narrow body carried en al-steerable"frontjtruck and laterally adjustable, relativelywide'ly 'spa'c'e'drear traction Wheels, there ai-c s'o'm'e major diierences in the 'construction 'with respect "to 'the manner in which adjustment of the 'traction wheel treads "is accomplished. In 'OH'e 'iype of tractorthe 'rear axle construction is 'ofthe `socalled straight-"through 'type "that is'to say, the tractor includes afp'air 0'1" coaxial oppositely extending drive 'aides 'on each of /Which'is mounted a reiatively'large"traction Wheel. "Variation'in 'tread is vacc'ompli'sh'ed"by usliding the Wheels'axially on 'the axles. vIn another 'type of 'tricycl'e tractor, "the rear 'body construction includes w"a 'transverse 'axle structure having respectively at the outer 'endsthereof 'depending housing-portions on 'each of Which .is carried a zrelatively short transverse d'iiveaxleorthe mounting-of a vtraction Wheel. "In, atractorfof' thel latter type the traction Wheels .may 'be made #somewhat smaller, inasmuch .as the depending 'llousings lowerl the 'wheel axis. 1 In :addition: to( permitting the 'use 'of smaller 'traction wheels, 4a tractor fof 'the type having depending axle housingshas another advantage; to Witfthe"dependinghousings provide for the use of re'duction'jgearing'contained 'within these *housings instead vof 'f linl the transmission kand diTEerential'CaSiHgS,thus re-i ducing the size ofithe :transmissionand differential gears. For rovv=cropoperation-Which'is the primary use "of 'a tricycle type tractor-crop clearance is obtainedin t-'herst mentioned type of tractor vby means 4of the relatively high straight-through "axle A structure,`v and lcr'opclearance in the secondit-ype of tractor isobtai-nedhy means of the archedconstructionprovidedby the intermediate -axle hoi-is'i-ngs'andthe opposite depending housings.

In a `tractor Aof-the yty-pe ha-vingffdepending v housings' ithas heretofore'- 'been necessary; i-n orn'der to obtainprope'r crop clearance.-"-tospace '-the depending housings relatively Widely apart and 2 Ito provide lWheels having 4offset and Aremovable hub portions to accommodate tread `variations.

`In such tractor, 'even though the desired tread variation is obtainable, the :depending housings were foundinmany c asesi-tointerfere with crops planted in relatively widely spaced rows. According to "the,presentiinvention, it is an imporltant feature 'to vprovide "a tractor u of the ltype .narrow longitudinally nertending clearance space ortunnel by means iof which crop `clearance can be obtained, especially when the tractor isprovided with a wide tread high clearance frontaxle which 'isgno't'an unc'ommonfpractice in the plant-A ing and cultivation of certain crops.

Other importantobje'cts of the invention relate toctheprovisionfof: 'An yin'xprovjed depending housing structure that, is of. Such design that it maybe -used .interchangeablybetween the right `hand andleft'handsides of theftractor; improved `housing structure including .a member which serves to journal pari-,. o'f .the tractor driving `mechanism andwwhichin addition provides pilot means fior; facilitating .the mounting of .the depending Ahousing i structure .on the i tractor .body; a novel lubricating means directed .particularly to fa system for .preventing the escapeV of vvlubri- 4cant yfrom :the -gean housing toianassoeiated brake :mechanism housing; adequate bearing structure rfor accommodatingtha relativelylong-*drive axle that isdpeculiari'tov the location and; structure of .the depending fhousings.; and otherffeatures that contribute gtoglow-:manufacturing ycosts and iefiiv-ciency off operaticnfofgtractors i-n general.

The foregoingeand other Aizrmortant Aoicj ects v.and

desirablefeaturesinherent in and encompassed byatheqyincention.;willfbecome;apparent to ,those :skilled .in 'the armas invention 'is made 1in :the: following detailed de- :scrptom taken-in conjunction Awith ythe accomn 'panyng sheet of "drawings wherein A"there is shown, by way of example, apipreferred form ci the invention.

L in; the drawings: Figu'rel'isageneraliplan viewer the tractor; Figure 2 is a general side elevational View o 3 the tractor with the right hand traction wheel removed;

Figure 3 is a rear end elevational View, on a slightly reduced scale, of the tractor;

Figure 4 is an enlarged fragmentary transverse sectional view showing the rear portion of the transmission and differential casing and the left hand depending housing, the section being cut through several planes, as indicated by the line 4-4-4-4-4 of Figure 2;

Figure 5 is a side elevation View showing the left hand side of the transmission and differential casing, the figure being slightly enlarged with respect to Figure 2 and slightly reduced with respect to Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a sectional view taken through a plane including the line 6 6 of Figure 4 and showing the inside face of the left hand depending housing structure; and

Figure '1 is a fragmentary end View, as viewed along the line 1-1 in Figure 6 and showing one of the mounting pads on the depending housing structure.

The tractor in general is somewhat similar in appearance to presently known agricultural tractors, with the exception of differences to be pointed out below. The tractor includes a longitudinal relatively narrow body made up of a rear transmission and differential casing 2t, an

intermediate propeller shaft and clutch housing l 2| and a forwardly located internal combustion engine 22. The body further includes a grille and hood structure 23 behind which is located an operators seat 24, which is here shown as being directly above a power control housing 25 at the rear end portion of the transmission and differential casing 2U. The forward end of the body is carried on a steerable front wheel structure 26 which may be operated in the conventional manner by means of a steering wheel 2'! located adjacent the seat 24.

The rear end of the tractor body includes a rear axle structure made up of right hand and left hand housing structures, designated generally by the numerals 3D and 3l, respectively. The right hand housing structure journals a transverse drive axle 32 on which is mounted a right hand traction wheel 33. The left hand axle structure 3l journals a transverse drive axle 34 on which is mounted a left hand traction wheel( 35. The power control housing 25, which may be of any well known construction, is here shown as including a transverse rockshaft structure 35 at opposite ends of which are power lift arms 31. The tractor is shown as equipped with a drawbar 38 which is carried by the rear axle structures 30 and 3|, in a manner to be described hereinafter.

The engine 22 of the tractor may supply power through a clutch and propeller shaft (not shown) in the housing 2l, as is conventional, and power is transmitted to transmission gearing (not shown) contained in the transmission and differential housing 20. Such transmission mechanism may be of any conventional type including a driving member for differential mechanism, indicated generally by the numeral 4B in Figure 4. This differential may be of conventional construction and includes a bevel pinion 4l and right and left hand carrier parts 42 and 43 forming a housing within which are included right and left hand differential gears 44 and 45 and differential pinions 4E.

As best shown in Figure 5, the transmission casing 20 is provided at its rear end with a left hand side wall which is apertured or provided with a circular opening 5I. As shown in Figure 4, the casing includes a right hand side wall 52 formed with a similar circular opening 53 transversely aligned with the opening 5I. Since opposite sides of the casing 2l! are identical, only the left side thereof will be described, particular reference being had to Figures 4, 5 and 6. The left hand casing wall 53 is provided with a circular mounting surface 54 surrounding the opening 5i. This portion of the wall 50 is provided with a circle of tapped bores 55 into which are threaded a plurality of cap screws 5E for the purpose of securing to the side wall 53 a flanged cup-shaped member, indicated generally by the numeral 51. The member 51 includes an annular portion 53 preferably provided with a machined outer surface that fits within the opening 5l in the casing side wall 5B. Integral with the annular portion 5B is a radially outwardly extending circular flange 59 which is drilled to receive the cap screws 5S. Also integral with the annular portion 58 is a radial flange 30 forming, in effect, the bottom of the cup-shaped member. This radial wall is apertured or bored at 6I for the purpose of carrying an anti-friction bearing 62 which journals the outer end of a sleeve 63 formed integral with the left hand differential carrier part 43. A similarly constructed cup-shaped member 64 is provided in the opening 53 in the right hand casing side wall 52 and this member includes a bearing 65 for journaling an integral sleeve portion 63 on the right hand differential carrier part 42.

The member 51 includes a reduced counterbore 51 in which is carried an inner shaft seal 68.

The left hand differential'gear is internally splined, as is usual, and carries the externally splined inner endof a laterally outwardly extending power shaft 10, which forms part of the mechanism for driving the left hand rear axle 34, the details of which will presently appear. The inner portion of the shaft extends through and is appropriately sealed by the lubricant seal 63. A right hand power shaft 1I has an externally splined inner end connected to the right hand dierentia1 gear by means of an internal spline on the latter. This shaft extends laterally outwardly to the right and forms part of the driving mechanism for driving the right hand axle 32. The right hand member G4 is provided with an appropriate lubricant seal 12 for sealing around the inner portions of the shaft 1|. The members 51 and 64 constitute, in effect, closure members for the casing side walls and the casing 2U is thus provided with a lubricantcontaining compartment in which the transmission and differential mechanism operate, the lubricant seals 68 and 12 minimizing the escape of lubricant from this compartment into either of the axle housing structures 30 or 3 I.

The casing 20 is provided with bottom wall structure, designated generally bythe numeral 15, providing a transverse bottom walli and right and left hand depending wall portions 11 and 1B that extend below the general level of the wall 15 and provide reenforcement means for the axle housing structures 30 and 3l. As best shown in Figures 3 and 4, the bottom wall structure 15 is arched at its upper portion, as at 19, and slopes laterally outwardly and downwardly in opposite directions, as at B0 and 8|, respectively, to provide, in effect, a longitudinally running tunnel substantially on the longitudinal center line of the tractor. The sloping portions 8D and 8l blend respectively with the depending side wall portions 11 and 18 (Figure 4). The

depending wall portions 11 and 18 are provided respectively with pockets "or recesses 82 l'arid 83, which are preferably circular and coaxiale-on va transverse axis below and to :the 2'rear of fthe transverse axis ofthe power shafts l'11|l and 1|. The left hand casing wall leliincliides, asaeontinuation oi the mounting surface 54 around the circular opening 5|, a machined mounting Ysurface 84 which covers a substantial area for "the wall'll, including that portion l"of" the wall surrounding the circular recess Aor*pocket l83. It will be noted from Figure tl'ia't 'the depending wall structure 13 has a--substantial longitudinal extent and is projected forwardl ytoa-'13| stantially directly `-belov'v Ithe 'ci r' opening as vindica-ted at 78?'5. This sport" may v be relieved or recessed 'at-585; and th earwad portion of the depend-ing wall Structu-'re'ltl may be further relieved or recessed, Ias vfat 1B-1. The arrangement is-such that they entire vertical mounting surface, including Ithe port-ions 5'4 Eand 84, may be machined in one operation. r:It iwill vbe understood of course'that thel opposite `side wall 52 and depending wall portion 1l`aresimilarly formed. Y e l As best shown in lFigure'4,thefleft'hand axle housing structure 3| 'is'fgenerally in the form-of -a T lying on its side, with thecross-har of the T extending vertically `and the vleg *extending horizontally. In this casethe l'egfprtion of'the T extends laterally to the lefth `Y`Iritlf'ie `case oi the right hand axle structure fSthe/'legof-the T portion would extend 'laterally to the right. Since the axle housin'gstructuresare identical, only the left hand structure `willfbe described in detail, Further,` as v'will 'herein'afterI be 'pointed out, the axle housing structures '30'5a`r'1d'13l y`are interchangeable from the rightto theleft hand side of the casing or viceversa. Y

The vertical'part of theleft hand `axle housing structure 3| includes an Aupper portion V:Slfljwhich receives or enclosesanouter portion of 'the-'power shaft 1o, and a lower housing :portion 9|, which depends to a substantial distance below the igeneral level of the -bottomwall 1t"` of the'casing'il. The portions 9E! andQl Yare, of course integral and are joined by an inner'verticalwall`92l which lies iiush substantially throughout its area against the machined outer slfirface including "thep'orz tions 54 and 3B of the 'left hand casin'gf sidewall Eil, the two juxtaposed walls 'being rigidly-secured together to form, in eiiect,"aunitar'y vertical wall structure. The Lsec'iu'ring means for connecting the axle housing structure 3| tothe left hand side wall of the A casing 20 includes a plurality of tapped bores`93 in the'casing `side wall and a plurality of capsc'i'ews 94 passed through drilled or aperturedears 95 integral with the inner wall structure of the""'axle housing. Since the lower portion 9| yof r`the'afxl'e housing 3| includes the lower'partof tliewall', thea'xle housing will be reenforced by 4thereenforcing structure 15 at the bottomn of the "casing 20. vdd'lwith `a circular aperture 'or'bore'll int nsversealignment with or coaxial 'with 'the 'recessS'Sl'infthe `depending wall 'portion 1S 'of the easing. This bore includes bearing means" comprising an'antifriction bearing 91.

The laterally outwardly ext'ndingfpojruon lof the T `that forms the housing 'fstructiire 3| comprises a generally tubular ax/le hou's'irigl'v which -is Vrelatively -longl and narrow. Ivh'efouter "vend of the tubular axle Ahousing lis"internally vvreduced and provided with bearing means in the nig is coaxial with the bearfnig" Tl91 ip 'viously described as I-b'e recssedin vthe er v`wall -structure compr g the lwall portions 118 and v32'. The bearings 1'il-1 yand 79S vvare-ratht-i"widely spaced apart vin `aecordance with -the fextieme v'length ofthe tubular housing "98. '-I-he inner-- 'Inos't end of the l-l'eft vhand 'driving axle 34 is closely proximateto 4the bearing 91. -The cap Vscrew |03, Y'together vviththe retaining member Midland awasher -IUE interposed between l'the gear and bearing, secures ythe bearing and gear to vthe axle. The 'bearing S1 is held against axial inward movement by means of Va snap fring |01. The outer -end 'of the tubular axle housing -SB includes vanapertiired cap v|538 which retains the bearing :99 and which includes a lubricant and dirt s'eal |09.

The upper portion of *the 'axle housing wall 592 radjacent the upper hou'si'ng por/tion S0 is lffided 4with bear-ing vcarrier means and to this `'end is set back Alaterally, as lat -|D, with respect to the li'niainder of the wall 592. This Ywall portion `is apertued at co'axially with the circular openingl "inthe casing side wall 50 and `earries therein a hanged vring ||2.

The-flanged partfof thering llis'secured to the vinner Yface of "the `wall portion HD, prefer- 'ably'by cap screws |-|3,fand the outside diameter 'ofthe flange is such as to iit-'rath'er closely Awith-in a machined inner `vsurface |14 on the annular portion 58 of-the Icup-shaped member v51. The arrangement is such 'that the `iange onthe ring |2-cooperates`with the inner suriace |14 on the member '51 to serve as pilot inea-ns when the axle housing `3| Vis assembled "to the casing 20, the member y5-1fi`rst being y'assembled to thecasing-ZD and theanged ring |`|2 vbeingpr'eliniinarily assembled vto the wall .portion im of the'axie housing 3l- The upper housing portion '90 uincludes outer wall structure ||5 -integral with -the tubular a-xle housing-portion'g. lThe 'wall portion IIE "is 4laterally spaced outwardly from the inner wall portion ||0 and 'is provided with an integral inwardly'extending sleeve IS coaxial with vthe `anged ring ||'2. Ihe vsleeve opens outwardly through the 'wall ||5 and is provided with an inner end portion terminating short `Iof and spaced axially outwardly V'iron-r 'the 4'inner portion-cf th'e"fiangedringlfll The sleeve Il@ of course encircles the 'outer portion of the 'power shaft Tll and Ais Vprovided with an -antifriction bearing |f|1 for journaling the shaft. The'anged ring H2 carries a second anti-friction-bearingH 8 for journaling the Vvshaft at a portion fthereof spaced axially inwardly from the Y'bearing ||1. Thatporti'on of the power shaft 10 that extend'saxially `fontwz'irdly beyond the outer wall ||5 of the'axle-housingstructure 3| is splined or otherwise lconnected to lbrake 'mechanism, indicated generally by the numeral art; therefore, further description of the brake mechanism is deemed unnecessary. The brake mechanism is enclosed by a cover or closure structure in the form of a cup-shaped housing |2| secured to a machined outer surface of the outer wall ||5 by a plurality of cap screws |22, only one of which appears in Figure 4.

As previously stated, the wall structure providing the casing establishes a first lubricant-containing compartment which is preferably separated from the lubricant-containing compartment formedby the axle housing structure 3|. Inasmuch as the braking mechanism |20 `will be adversely affected by lubricants, it is desirable to keep the lubricant in the gear housing compartment from escaping into the compartment provided b'y the brake housing |2|. Part of the means for preventing such escape of lubricant includes inner and outer annular grooves |23 and |24 formed in the interior surface of the sleeve ||G. A lubricant seal |25 is interposed between the grooves and surrounds the power shaft 10. A drain hole |26 is provided at the bottom of the inner groove |23 for the purpose of draining lubricant from the groove back into the interior of the axle housing. The shaft 10 carries for rotation therewith an oil slinging means |21 which extends radially outwardly from the shaft substantially within the connes of the groove |23. groove |24 is communicated with the exterior of the housing 3| by means of a drain passage |28 preferably drilled upwardly through the vertical section of the outer housing wall ||5. It

will be noted that the exit of the passage |29 is at a point on the wall ||5 radially outwardly of the brake housing |2|, so that lubricant drained from the outer groove |24 will not drain into the brake compartment. That portion of the power shaft 10 intermediate the bearings ||1 and ||8 is splined and carries for rotation therewith a driving part in the form of a gear or pinion |29 which is in constant mesh with the nal drive gear |05. During operation of the tractor, rotation of the gears |05 and |29 will convey lubricant upwardly from the supply in the bottom of the housing 3| to the bearings ||1 and IIB. Any lubricant that finds its way along the shaft toward the casing 20 will find its progress impeded by the seal 68; further, centrifugal force from the shaft will tend to throw the lubricant off against the interior surfaces of the flanged ring ||2 and member 51. In any event, should lubricant escape past the seal E8, it will drain into the compartment in the casing 20, which is immaterial.` On the other hand, lubricant escaping to the left along the shaft 10 will, if it gets past the seal |25, be prevented from entering the brake mechanism compartment by virtue of the fact that it will be thrown oif the shaft into the outer groove |24, whence it will drain outwardly through the passage |28. The oil slinging means |21 operates to minimize to the greatest extent possible the amount of lubricant that will get past the seal |25, since this means will throw the lubricant off to the groove |23, whence it will drain through thepassage or opening |26 back into the compartment of the gear housing.

The lubricant-containing capacity of the housing structure 3| is established by a lower closure or cap member which is secured to the lower portion 9| of the housing 3| oven an opening |36 through which the lower portionY of the gear |05 projects. The construction in this The outer respect may be similarto constructions already known.

Adding to the compactness of the structural relationship between the casing 20` and the axle housing structure 3|, is the provision in the set back wall portion |0 of the axle housing wall 92 of a plurality of openings |40 in which the heads of the cap screws 56 are recessed or accommodated.

The foregoing completes the description of the internal components of the improved structure. For the purpose of clarifying the description and readily identifying the various parts between the right hand and left hand structural units, particular reference will be had to the left hand unit and reference numerals will be applied thereto. Similar parts inthe right hand unit will be designated by the same reference numerals to which will be added the letter R Where the parts are common to both units.`

The tubular axle housing portion 9B of the axle housing structure 3| includes thereon a pair of axially spaced enlarged portions having angularly related outer surfaces arranged in such fashion as to form a square, as at |45 in Figure 6. There are preferably two such portions on the tubular axle housing 98 and these serve for the mounting of implements on the axle structure. This particular means forms no part of the present invention and is illustrated here only for the purpose of indicating that this tractor is so equipped.

The tractor is further shown as including a rear mounted belt pulley |46, the drive for which may be of any conventional construction and which is not illustrated inasmuch as it forms no part of the present invention.

As best shown in Figures 5 and 6, a straight line drawn through the axes of the shaft 10 and axle 34 is inclined at an angle of 45 degrees, thus locating the axle axis rearwardly and below the power shaft axis. As stated above, it is a feature of this invention that the axle housing structures 30 and 3| are interchangeable from side to side. Since these structures may be manufactured from identical patterns and undergo identical machining operations, it will be seen that great savings in production are realized. The design of each axle housing structure is such that in most cases each component of each structure is utilized in the same fashion regardless of whether the structure is mounted at the right hand or the left hand side of the casing 26. If there are exceptions to this procedure, the related parts are used in related manner.

The bottom of the lower housing portion 9| that surrounds the opening |36 is at and when the housing structure is attached to the casing 20 this bottom portion is at an angle of 45 degrees, as indicated at |44 in Figure 6 and at |44R in Figure 2. The attached closure or cap |35 is provided with first and second angularly related surfaces |41 and |48. The angle between these surfaces is preferably degrees, to accord with the 45 degree angle that the housing structure as a whole assumes. The wall portion |41 is provided with a removable plug |49 and the wall portion |48 is provided with a removable plug |50. When the housing structure is utilized at the left side of the tractor, the plug |59 is a ller plug provided for the purpose of adding lubricant to the gear housing, whereas the plug |49 is a drain plug. When the housing structure is used at the opposite side of the tractor, the posi- 9 tions and functions of the plugs |49 and l are reversed,-

As best shown in Figures 2 1 and 6, the housing structure 3| is provided with a second oil drain passage |55. which isy similar to the oil drain passage |28 in that'it communicatesk with the outer 4oil groove |243 however, `the oil passage |55 is at aj90 degree angle to the passage |23, s o that when the axle` housing unit is at' the left side of the tractor, the passage lt extends downwardly and servesl to drain the groove |25 while the, passage |552. extends horizontally and is idle. On the other hand, when the axle housing structure is at they right'hand side of the tractor, the passage |55` is vertical and serves to drain the groove `|2, while the passage |23 is thenhoritontal and idle..

previously stated, the tractor drawbar. 33 is carried by the axle housing structures 3G and 3 l. For this purpose, the axle housing structure is provided with opposite end surfaces provided respectively with mounting pads. |55 and l5?. These pads are inclined atan angle of l5 degrees. In the oase of the left hand axle housing structure 3|,"they mounting pad [5S is the for- Ward and lower pad (Figure 6), whereas the pad |511 is an upper and rearward pad (see also Figure 3). When the housing structures are reversed froin side to side, the mounting pads are also reversed, as best shown in Figure 2.

The draw-bar is of U-shaped construction and includes a pair of parallel forwardly exten ing legs Iiiq and |6`|, each of which includes a suppcrting`- braclet |62 for attachment to the mounting pad |55 on the left hand axle handaxle structure. Each of the cap members 13S-arid.V |3512. includes. e' depending porticn |53 and. |5311. respectively, o jn each, bf 'which is carried an apertured plate Milt.k Each of the drawbar less Sil and l@ l. carries s, locking. means W cooperating respectively with the locking plates |64, the detailed construction of which is shown in United States Patent No'. 2,503,096.v Since the drawbar S is carried for vertical swinging movement about a horizontal axis by 'means of the bearing brackets' |62, the locking'means |544- |55 provides rneans'for hol', ing the drawbar in various positions of vertical adjustrnent.''y

The tractor may also be equipped with the usual rearwardly extending power'tak'e-off shaft |10," which may be driven in any conventional manner from thc transmission mechanism (not Shown).

Lateral adjustment of the wheels :t3- and 35 regeeiviely 'o1 the. axles s2 and 34 for the purpose 0f varying the, tread 0f the tractor iS accomplished by means. of Sliding the Wheels axially 011 the axles. A preferred form of construction provided for the accomplishment of this adjustment is indicated in Figure 3, where a portion of the left hand wheel 35 has been broken away to illustrate what may be al conventional split hub construction vIll, which serlvesin the conventional manner to clamp Ythe wheels releasably to the axle. Inasmuch as such constructions are well'klnown, it is'dee'med unnecessary tov describefthe same in detail here.` lIt should be u derstpod, of Course, thata similar construction is' provided for uit right handwneei 3s.

Figure 3` furtherk designates in broken lines at |15 a pair ofwidely spaced front wheels which may be part of aconventional wide tread attacl'iment lsubstitutedy vfor fthe usual centrally leegte@ freni Wheel useable trtl 259 .Sin-Ce such structure and the mounting pad |51 on the right 10 wide tread axle attachments are conventional, further illustration and description thereof is believed tol be unnecessaryhere'.` The widely spaced wheels |15 are shown in connection with spaced crop rows, indicated at"A','B ,and C@ It will be noted that the center cropl row B is subvstantially on the longitudinal center line ofthe tractor and isl centrally between the front wheels ii and between the rear wheels 33 'and' 35. It will be further noted that the casing bottom structure l5, which has hereinbeforelceen described as providing a longitudinally extending tunnel, is centrally above the center row B. 41f it be assumed that the crops growing in ythe row B are as high as those usually cultivated' such as corn for example, itwill be seen'thatl the tunnel structure provides adequate clearance space between th'e depending housing portions of the axle housing structures. It will further be noted that the crops at Aand C are just'insider the rear wheels 35 and 33 respectively. lf thetracto'r were a conventional tricycle type tractor ofthe kind having depending housings vat the outer ends' of an arched axle construction, such depending housings would be approximately above the cropsv in the rows A and C. Now, if it be assumedthat these crops were tallerjit will be s een'thatv such depending 'housings would pass directly over or through the crops, a result that is not desirable. In the foregoing description and illustration by `way of example, it should be assumed that the tractor will'have mounted thereon an implement of the usual type used in cultivating, in which case the Adrawbar Bil will be removed or will be swung vertically about its pivotal connections M52 to disposel the transverse portion thereof at a sui'licient height to clear crops in the central row B.

ln row crop operations in which the tractor. is operated as astrictly tricycle type with the steerable front wheeled truck 25 in'place ofthe 'wide tread wheels of the wide tread attachment |15, it will be seen that the relatively closely spaced depending housing portions will clear crops planted in other row spacings than those illus'- trated. In addition to the function of providing a central clearance space between the depending housings, the tunnel structure 'i5 provides for reenforcing the side portions of the transmission and differential casing 2G and further. reenforces the inner portions of the axle housing structures 30 and 3 i enabling the use of the relatively long tubular axle housing portions 93 and SR. In tractors in which the depending portions are at the outer ends of the tubular axle housings, the attaching surfaces between the housings and the central casing are of relatively small areas and additional and costly means must be provided for making these parts suliciently strong for the purposes intended.

In the tractor of the type referred to, the axles propelling the traction wheels are relatively short and are usually carried on a pair of relatively closely spaced bearings which adequately support the same. In the present case, adequate provision is made for supporting the drive axles (t2 and Sil b y means of the relatively widely spaced bearings $7 and 99. It will be noted that these bearings are as widely spaced as possible in the axle housing structures,"which is a distinct advantage over` the location of the inner bearing, for example, to the left of the gear |05. The relatively widely spaced location of the bearings el. and S9 is important from the standpoint of minimizing bending moments that may occur in the axles because of their extreme length.'

Other features and objects of the invention have been pointed out above. Still other features of the invention will undoubtedly occur to those skilled in the art and it is not intended that the precise and detailed description and illustration of the preferred form of the invention exclude other applications of the invention, for the invention is capable of numerous modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit of the invention as deiined in the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a tractor: a longitudinal body structure including a casing having 'an apertured side wall; a housing` alongside the casing and open in transverse alinement with the casing wall aperture, and having a laterally outwardly spaced outer wall provided with a sleeve portion opening outwardly through said outer wall and projecting axially inwardly toward the casing wall and having its inner end spaced from said casing wall; drive means in the casing including a transverse rotatable member extending through the casing wall aperture and through the sleeve and projecting outwardly beyond the outer wall of the housing; drive means in the housing including a rotatable part on the rotatable member between the casing wall and the inner end of the sleeve; means providing an annular lubricant groove in the inside surface of the sleeve between the inner end of the sleeve and the outer surface of the housing outer wall; brake mechanism connected to the rotatable member outside and adjacent the outer wall of the housing; closure means secured to the housing and enclosing the brake mechanism; means providing a lubricant drain including a passage communicating with the lubricant groove and openingthrough the outer surface of the housing outer wall radially outwardly of the brake mechanism closure means.

2. In a tractor: a longitudinal body structure including a casing having an apertured side wall; a gear housing alongside the casing and open in transverse alinement with the casing wall aperture, and having a laterally outwardly spaced outer wall provided with a sleeve portion opening outwardly through said outer wall and projecting axially inwardly toward the casing wall and having its inner end spaced from said casing wall; drive means in the casing including a transverse rotatable shaft extending through the casing wall aperture and through the sleeve and projecting outwardly beyond the outer Wall of the housing; drive means in the gear housing including a gear on the shaft between the casing wall and the inner end of the sleeve; means providing a pair of axially spaced annular lubricant grooves in the inside surface of the sleeve, one adjacent the inner end of the sleeve and the other adjacent the gear housing outer wall; brake mechanism connected to the shaft outside and adjacent the outer wall of the gear housing; closure means secured to the gear housing and enclosing the brake mechanism; means providing a lubricant drain hole in the sleeve and communicating the inner lubricant groove with the interior of the gear housing; and means providing a second lubricant drain hole including a passage communicating with the outer lubricant groove and opening through the gear housing outer wall radially outwardly of the brake mechanism closure means.

3. The invention defined in claim 2, further characterized in that; the shaft carries a rotatable lubricant-slinging means in substantially radial alinement with the inner lubricant groove.

4. An agricultural tractor, comprising: a longitudinal rear casing including opposite vertical side Walls and a bottom structure formed as a longitudinal tunnel having an arch portion providing a bottom Wall in the casing and a pair of rigid downwardly extending side portions spaced apart laterally and integral with the bottom wall and respectively providing integral depending extensions of the casing side walls, each of said depending extensions having a laterally outwardly opening pocket; depending housings respectively at opposite sides of the casing, each housing having an inner portion rigidly but removably secured to the proximate side wall and depending alongside and additionally secured rigidly but removably to the proximate depending extension, the inner portion of each of said housings having an opening alined transversely with the proximate pocket; means on each depending housing including a laterally outwardly extending tubular axle housing transversely alined with the proximate opening and pocket; and an axle rotatably carried by each axle hous ing and extending laterally outwardly therefrom and having an inner end portion passing through said proximate opening and into the associated pocket.

5. In a tractor or the like having a longitudinal body structure: a transmission casing connected to the body structure and including a vertical side wall having an outer mounting face and further being provided with a circular opening therethrough on a transverse axis; drive means in the casing including a transverse shaft extending axially through the side wall opening; an outwardly opening, cup-shaped member including an annular portion fitting the side Wall opening, a radial wall portion over the opening and having a central aperture through which said shaft extends, and an annular radial mounting flange joined to the annular por-V tion and having an outer surface external to the casing side Wall and an inner surface lying against that portion of the casing Wall outer face that surrounds said opening; a plurality of cap screws securing said member to the casing side wall and having their heads laterally outside the outer surface of said mounting flange; and a housing alongside the casing including a pilot portion rigid thereon and surrounding the shaft and projecting into and received by the cup-shaped member, and a second portion radially outside said pilot portion and secured to the casing side wall and recessed to accom-s modate the heads of the aforesaid cap screws.

6. In a tractor or the like having a longitudinal body structure: a transmission casing connected to the body structure and including an upright side wall having an outer mounting face and further being provided with a circular opening therethrough on a transverse axis; drive means in the casing including a transverse shaft extending axially through the side wall opening; an externally iiangedcup-shaped member over the side wall opening and having a central aperture to receive the shaft; means including the externally flanged portion of said member for securing the member to the casing side wall so that said member faces outwardly but projects within the casing; bearing means carried by said member coaxially within said central aperture and inwardly of the casing side wall to journal the shaft; a housing alongside of and secured to the casing side wall and including rigid therewith upright Wall structure juxtaposed over the outer face of the side wall and over the cup-shaped member and apertured to receive the shaft, said structure including rigid therewith a bearing carrier coaxially supported on the cup-shaped member; and second bearing means carried by said bearing carrier and recessed in the cup-shaped member and coaxial with and closely spaced outwardly from said first bearing means to journal said shaft outside the casing.

7. In a tractor o1' the like having a longitudinal body structure: a transmission casing connected to the body structure and includinga vertical side wall having an outer mounting face and further being provided with a circular` opening therethrough on a transverse axis; drive means in the casing including a transverse shaft extending axially through the side wall opening; an externally flanged cup-shaped member substantially closing the side wall opening but centrally apertured to receive the shaft; means including the externally flanged portion of said member for securing the member to the casing side wall so that said member faces outwardly; bearing means on said member coaxial with the central aperture therein to journal the shaft; a housing alongside the casing including rigid therewith a portion surrounding the side wall opening and a wall portion secured to the casing side wall and apertured to receive the shaft; a hanged ring fixed to the housing Wall portion and encircling the shaft and recessed and supported in the cup-shaped member; and second bearing means carried by said ring for journaling the shaft within the housing.

8. In a tractor having a longitudinal body structure: a transmission casing connected to the bodyy structure and having a vertical side wall provided with an outer mounting face and having an opening therethrough; drive means in the casing including a part extending laterally outwardly through said opening; said casing having a portion rigid therewith provided with a laterally outwardly opening pocket in the mounting face thereof spaced from the side wall opening in the plane of the outer mounting face; a housing alongside the casing and removably secured thereto, and including rigid therewith a laterally inwardly projecting portion received` within the side wall opening and apertured to receive the aforesaid drive part; and a transversely extending drive part carried by the housing and spaced from said projecting portion on the order of the spacing between the side wall opening and side wall pocket, and including an axially inwardly projecting portion recessed in said pocket.

9. In a tractor having a longitudinal body structure: a transmission casing connected to the body structure and having a vertical side wall provided with an outer mounting face and having an opening therethrough; pilot means carried by said wall in the opening therein and including a removable centrally apertured circular member having an outer peripheral surface fitting the opening and an inner annular surface concentric with the opening; drive means in the casing including a part extending laterally outwardly through the aperture in said member; means removably securing said member to the casing side wall; said casing having rigid therewith a portion provided with a laterally outwardly opening pocket in the mounting face thereof, said pocket being spaced from the member in a radial direction as respects the axis of the drive part; a housing alongside the casing and removably secured thereto, and including rigid therewith a laterally inwardly projecting element having peripheral portions piloted in and received by the inner annular surface of the member and apertured to receive the aforesaid drive part; and a transversely extending drive part carried by the housing and spaced from said projecting element on the order of the radial spacing between the side wall opening and side wall pocket, and including an axially inwardly projecting portion recessed in said pocket.

10. In a tractor: a longitudinal body structure including a drive mechanism casing provided with a side wall and with bottom wall structure and containing drive mechanism including a laterally outwardly extending rotatable part; a housing removably mounted on and alongside the casing side wall, and including an upper portion receiving the outer portion of said rotatable part and a lower portion depending below the level of the casing bottom wall structure; said housing including an inner vertical wall adjacent to the casing side wall and depending below the casing bottom wall structure to lie vertically coextensive with the lower housing portion; bracing means extending inwardly and upwardly from said inner vertical wall to and rigidly joining the casing bottom wall structure; said inner vertical wall including an opening communicating laterally outwardly with the lower housing portion and said bracing means being laterally recessed inwardly in alinement with said opening to provide a pocket; rst bearing means carried in said opening; means on the housing including an outwardly extending tubular axle housing in transverse alinement with and having its interior opening inwardly toward said opening in the inner vertical wall; second bearing means at the outer end of the axle housing coaxial with said rst bearing means; an axle extending transversely through the axle housing and having an inner end portion journaled in the first bearing means and journaled at a laterally outwardly spaced portion thereof in the second bearing means; drive means in the housing including a rst member on the aforesaid rotatable part, and a second member drivably connected to the first member and mounted on the axle between the rst and second bearing means and closely adjacent the i'lrst bearing means; and securing means on the inner end of the axle and accommodated by said pocket.

WILLARD I-I. NORDENSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the fileof this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,036,659 Lindsay Aug. 27, 1912 1,751,579 Engstrom Mar. 25, 1930 1,932,108 Johnson et al. Oct. 24, 1933 2,074,685 E'ngstrom Mar, 23, 1937 2,076,009 Starr et al. Apr. 6, 1937 2,247,668 Rosenthal July 1, 1941 2,417,139 Strehlow Mar. 11, 1947 

